The phrase "ไก่จิกเด็กตายบนปากโอ่ง" can be broken down to represent these following consonants

ไก่ (chicken) ก.ไก่

ก.ไก่ is the first letter of the whole alphabet. ไก่ means chicken. It makes a "G" sound like in English, as in "get", "go", "goblin", etc.

จิก(peck) จ.จาน

จาน means dishes/ plates, as in what you eat with not the food. The word จิก in the phrase means to peck. It makes a "J" sound like in English, as in "jelly", "job", "jet", etc.

เด็ก(child) ด.เด็ก

เด็ก means a child. It makes a "D" sound like in English, as in "dog", "denim", "danger", etc.

ตาย(die) ต.เต่า

เต่า means turtle. The word ตาย in the phrase means to die, so the kid died by getting pecked by that damn chicken. I know, very morbid. We learned this as little babies by the way. It makes a "Th" sound like in English, as in "three", "thigh", "thousand", etc. NOT the "th" in That, or Thailand.

บน(on) บ.ใบไม้

ใบไม้ means leaves, as in the green things on trees. The word บน in the phrase means on, to be on top of something. It makes a "B" sound like in English, as in "bird", "button", "blue", etc.

ปาก(mouth, rim, entrance) ป.ปลา

ปลา means fish, as in the animal not the activity. The word ปาก in the phrase means the entrance or the rim of an object. It makes a "Bp" sound. I don't think there is a sound like this in English, but imagine a spicy "p", like "puta", "papi", "pollo"

โอ่ง(water jar) อ.อ่าง

อ่าง means a tub that you put water in, a bath tub or a sink. The word โอ่ง in the phrase is a water jar. Thai people use this to store rain water in the rural area. It is huge, so definitely big enough for a whole child to die on. It makes a "O" sound like in "on", "odd", "oppose", etc. It is the only consonant that is also a vowel in Thai.